Thawj coj ntawm Luminescence Division of Rare Earth New Materials Co., Ltd.
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tseem Ceeb rau xyoo 2018 Aladdin Lighting Industry Research Paper Paper
Tsis tshua muaj cov khoom siv hauv ntiaj teb no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv rau tam sim no illumination, cov duab thiab cov lus ceeb toom, thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tsim lub cim ntxiv mus thiab pom kev yees. Tam sim no, R & D thiab ntau cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv luminescent ntiaj teb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Suav teb, Nyiv, Tebchaws Asmeskas, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb. Tuam Tshoj tau dhau los ua lub ntiaj teb cov khoom loj tshaj plaws thiab neeg siv cov khoom tsis tshua zoo hauv cov av. Nyob rau hauv cov lus teb, dav xim gamut, loj loj, high-txhais zaub yog ib txoj kev loj hlob tseem ceeb yav tom ntej. Tam sim no, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua xim thoob plaws gamut, xws li cov kua siv lead ua kua, QLED, OLED thiab laser zaub technology, ntawm cov kua dej ua kua siv coj los siv tam sim no. Ua kom tiav cov kua siv lead ua kua hluav taws xob thiab kev lag luam, nrog cov nqi loj tshaj, yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam hauv domestic thiab txawv teb chaws. Hauv kev tshav ntuj ntawm kev teeb pom kev zoo, cov duab nrawm uas zoo li lub hnub ci tau ua lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev lag luam ua lub teeb pom kev zoo. Raws li txoj kev loj hlob tseem ceeb ntawm kev teeb pom kev zoo yav tom ntej, laser teeb pom kev zoo ntau thiab ntau dua nyob rau xyoo tas los no, thiab tau ua thawj zaug siv rau kev siv lub teeb nrig hluav taws xob, uas tuaj yeem tau txais ntau dua qhov ci tshaj xenon taws teeb lossis LED teeb. Tsawg zog noj. Raws li ib qho kev lag luam ntawm lub cev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, qhov chaw kaj yuav ua kom cov nroj tsuag loj tuaj, txo cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov paj ntoo, ua kom cov nroj tsuag tuaj thiab ua kom muaj zog los ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, tswj kev cog ntoo, thiab ua lub hom phiaj thoob ntiaj teb. Ib qib high-kev kawm luminescent khoom haum rau cov nroj tsuag loj hlob teeb. Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv, Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Internet thiab cov tshuab biometric (biometric) muaj kev lag luam muaj nqis txog trillions ntawm cov nyiaj, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm ob qho tib si yuav tsum tau NIR sensors siv cov khoom siv tsis zoo hauv ntiaj teb. Nrog rau kev hloov ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov khoom siv, cov khoom tsis tshua muaj av luminescent, uas yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, tab tom hloov ceev ceev. Cov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov luminescent muaj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws.
1 high-quality zaub nrog cov ntaub ntawv luminescent
1.1 Xob ntau xim gamut kua siv lead ua cov teeb ci ntsa iav LED
Xyoo tas los no, kua siv lead ua kua (LCD) tau ua tus leb tshaj plaws hauv cov khoom vaj khoom tsev ncaj nraim, ua qhov kev siv tshuab hauv lub tshav dav hlau vaj huam sib luag [1]. Cov kua qaub qhia ua raws li cov teeb dawb-emitting diode (LED) backlights muaj cov zoo xws li cov xim xim zoo nkauj, tsis muaj hwj chim, thiab lub neej ntev. Tam sim no, qhov nkag mus hauv thaj teb ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua muaj tshaj 95%. Rau cov cim ntawm cov dawb LEDs rau cov kua siv lead ua kua, cov "xiav LED nti + phosphor" txoj kev tseem yog tam sim no dawb LED tiam sis vim kev kawm kom loj hlob thiab raug nyiaj tsawg vim kev saib xyuas ntawm nws cov cuab yeej siv, kev kawm thiab tus nqi. Txoj kev loj [2]. Rau cov kua siv lead ua kua teeb pom kev zoo, lub teeb dawb tsim los ntawm "Blue LED chip + phosphor", tom qab lim thiab splitting, yuav tsum tsim cov xim ntshiab liab, xiav thiab ntsuab, yog li cov phosphos pom cov xim ntawm LED backlight LCD. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sau [3].
YauAl5O12: CE (YAG: CE) phosphor system thiab SIAlON: EU ntsuab phosphor (ib txwm siv silicate ntsuab hmoov) thiab nitride liab phosphor ua ke [4, 5]. Vim hais tias spectral peaks ntawm tus qub yog tus dav thiab xim purity tsis zoo, cov zaub xim gamut zaub ntau yam ntawm tus qub yog li 70% NTSC, thaum kawg tom qab kev scheme qhia tau hais tias cov xim gamut ntau tsuas yog yuav nce mus rau 80 % NTSC, tab sis qhov xim xim ntawm cov hmoov ntsuab. Cov xim x nqi ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov y thiab cov hmoov liab yog ob qho tsawg, thiab cov xim gamut zaub ntau ntawm cov zaub yog qhov nyuaj txog li 85% NTSC los yog ntau dua, thiab cov nyhuv nyhuv yog 40% qis tshaj qhov kev kho dhau los. Qhov loj xim gamut kua Crystal LED pom tshuab xa mus rau ib cov yeeb yam xim gamut nrog 90% NTSC los yog ntau dua, uas tuaj yeem tso saib cov duab thiab nplua nuj xim, thiab paub txog cov nyhuv nrig ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Tam sim no, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntsiab xim ntawm cov xim ntsuab lub teeb pom kev zoo tshaj yog cov "xiav chip + SIAlON: EU ntsuab hmoov + fluoride liab hmoov" system [6]. Txawm li cas los, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj fluoride phosphors tshiab rau cov xim pleev xim rau cov xim daj dav dav cov qauv siv ntawm lub xeev muaj cov kev tshawb fawb tsis tshua muaj sib npaug ntawm lub ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kev lag luam muaj lanthanide tshuaj fluoride phosphors. Domestic SIAlON: Kev ua yeeb yam ntawm EU ntsuab hmoov yog tseem deb ntawm lub teb chaws txawv teb chaws. Txawm hais tias tsawg tsawg earths yuav siv tau los ua tiav high-volume SIAlON: EU ntsuab hmoov hauv cov khoom me me, nws cov lag luam tseem ceeb yog monopolized los ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws.
Tam sim no, tus industrialization level ntawm kua siv lead ua zaub xim gamut raws li tus tshiab LED backlights tau tshaj 90% NTSC. Nws yog ceev los tsim tshiab phosphors thiab LED backlights, thiab ntxiv kom cov kua siv lead ua kua xim rau gaming rau 110% NTSC thiab OLED / QLED technology. Qhov zoo tshaj, kev tsim kho ntawm cov qhab nia ua qoob ua kom muaj zog dua li cov kab uas muaj fluoride phosphors thiab cov hmoov ntsuab uas muaj purity dua SIAlON: EU ntsuab liab twb pib lawm, thiab yuav tsum tau mus txog rau theem daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej 2 -3 xyoos. Nws yuav tsum tsim kom muaj cov kua siv ua kua dej qab ntsev heev thiab cov saw hlau nyob hauv Suav teb, thiab tuav cov lus sib dhos siab ntawm cov xim siv yav tom ntej ntawm cov kua nplaum ua kua tshuab, thiab paub tias cov khoom siv zoo heev rau lub cauj thiab ntes cov kua ua kua display tshuab hauv Suav teb.
1.2 Lwm cov qauv siv tshuab luminescent
OLED muaj ntau yam zoo xws li kev siv lub teeb pom kev zoo, kev ua kom pom zoo, kev luminous color purity, kaj xim, tsis muaj zog noj, ultra-nyias thiab yooj ywm ntaus, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog cov xim puv xim thiab muaj kev vam meej hauv kev nthuav dav teb. [7]. Daim ntawv thov OLED pom cov cuab yeej technology nyob rau hauv xws li TVs, mobile terminals, VRs, watches, thiab lwm yam, thiab cov vaj huam sib luag OLED puav leej tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm kev ua lag luam, thiab tseem yuav muaj hluav taws xob rau OLED cov duab [ 9]. Raws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub khw, OLED TVs nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas siab tshaj plaws ntawm 3,000 USD, qhov feem ntawm cov lag luam hauv thawj peb lub hlis xyoo 2017 tau nce mus txog 65%, 55 nti tau 100%, qhov xwm txheej hauv Tebchaws Europe [12]. Yog li, OLED tso tawm tshuab tseem muaj qhov zoo dua daim ntawv thov. Luminescent khoom (liab, xiav, ntsuab) yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm OLED cov khoom siv, uas ncaj qha xaiv cov kev ntaus ntawv thiab siv [8]. Luminescent cov ntaub ntawv uas ua tau raws li daim ntawv thov yuav tsum muaj zoo zuag qhia tag nrho, xws li siab luminance thiab quantum. Tawm; kev nqus hla loj loj thiab kev sib tw dav dav nyob ze ze-ultraviolet los yog xiav lub teeb; tus phooj ywg zoo; zoo UV lub siab kam; kev tsav tsheb zoo; zoo thermal stability, zaj duab xis uas tsim [10-11], tag nrho kev luminescent cov ntaub ntawv rau cov duab OLED tseem xav tau ntxiv dua.
Cov ntaub ntawv quantum teev muaj cov khoom siv zoo heev, cov kev ua qis siab, kev hloov tsis tu ncua, thiab nqaim ib nrab zuj zus. Cov quantum dot yog siv los hloov cov xim phosphor ua kom cov xim gamut ntawm cov zaub rau 110% NTSC [13]. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj ob peb qhov kev lag luam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv quantum dot luminescent uas yuav tsum tau kov yeej.
Firstly, vim qhov loj me me thiab loj tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm nanocrystalline hais, nyob hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub teeb, kev kub thiab tshuaj, nanocrystalline hais nws muaj oxidation thiab decomposition, ua rau ib tug ntse poob hauv kev kho qhov muag. Qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teeb lwj ntawm kev kub hauj lwm tau dhau los ua kev txwv. Lub ntsiab obstacles rau lub luminous efficiency thiab lub neej ntawm quantum teev dawb LEDs.
Secondly, txawm hais tias quantum dots yog yooj yim dua nrog cov ntaub ntawv xws li encapsulants dua pa tsawg lub ntiaj teb phosphors, vim teeb meem interfacial compatibility, agglomeration thiab theem sib cais tseem muaj thaum nanocrystals sib xyaw nrog packaged media, ua rau LED khoom lub teeb. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los txhim kho txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo. Kev siv cov quantum dot luminescent cov ntaub ntawv kuj yog ib txoj kev qhia txog kev siv cov xim thaij ntsej muag, tab sis vim yog tus nqi siab thiab tsis yooj yim ntawm cov khoom, thiab cov quantum ntaub ntawv muaj Cd, nws muaj qhov tsis zoo rau lub chaw, thiab vim nws cov nqi, nws tsis tau ua tau li daim ntawv teev lus [13].
Txoj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yog quantum dot luminescent yog qhov tseem ceeb ua rau kev lag luam. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov kev tshawb fawb txog qhov teeb meem no. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom ruaj khov, ib nrab ntawm lub neej ntawm quantum teev dawb LEDs yuav tsum tau kwv yees li peb lub xyoos. Nws yuav ncav cuag ntau tshaj 10,000 xuab moos thiab lub khw yuav tsim nyob rau tib lub sijhawm [14].
Lub tshav phaj ntawm quantum dot zaub tau ua nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Tebchaws Asmesliskas thiab Kauslim Teb, thiab kev sib tw yog tsiv. Qhov zoo ces, Tuam Tshoj muaj qee cov lus xub pib ua rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, cov qauv thiab cov txheej txheem. Nws yuav tsum tau muab lub sijhawm zoo rau Tuam Tshoj txoj haujlwm kev lag luam los cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kev txwv txiav thaiv kev lag luam tawm txawv teb chaws thiab paub tias "hloov overtaking".
2 cov cuab yeej siv teeb pom kev zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv luminescent
2.1 Cov khoom siv Luminescent rau tag nrho spectrum illumination
Nrog cov tsom iav ntawm dawb LEDs hauv lub tshav pob ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, qhov kev thov ntawm cov khoom siv dawb dawb ntawm lub teeb ci tseem tuaj yeem ua rau. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau sab hauv tsev teeb pom kev zoo, ua kom pom tseeb ntawm dawb LED qhov ci qhov chaw tau raug ciav purely los ntawm thaum pib. "Hloov siab mus rau qhov" zoo siab "ntawm kev ua haujlwm xim, xws li xim rendering Performance index, xim kub kub, thiab txawm tias qhov kev ua kom pom ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo ib yam li lub hnub ci, cov lag luam hauv teb chaws thiab txawv teb chaws tau ceev cov kev txhim kho cov khoom LED tagnrho [ 15-16] Tam sim no, tag nrho cov qauv siv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm ib qho yooj yim ntawm kev siv, yooj yim thiab ntau nrawm spectrum, Kev tsim kho ib leeg rau ib lub lag luam raug muab faib ua xiav nti tshuab (xiav nti + multi-color emission phosphor) thiab ultraviolet / ze-ultraviolet chip (UV / ze-ultraviolet chip + multi-color emission phosphor ) technology [18-20] Hauv cov tshuab xiav chip, muaj ib qho kev poob qis heev hauv cov xim xiav-ntsuab ntawm lub tshuab spectrum, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj ua kom tiav zoo tshaj plaws-spectrum zoo tshaj plaws foob. Tam sim no, ultraviolet thiab ze-ultraviolet nti yees hauv cov cim thib peb ntawm cov cim hluav taws xob uas muaj nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob nyob hauv lub teb chaws muaj qhov ntau dua thiab paub tab, thiab UV / ze-ultraviolet nti tshuab tau ua cov cuab yeej xaiv rau kev thawm tag nrho illumination.
Phosphor tshuab xiav-zoo siab tau ua ntau dua, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov phosphors no tsis muaj kev zoo siab los ntawm lub teeb liab violet. Tam sim no, ultraviolet / ze-ultraviolet nti excitation ntau tshawb nrog ntsuab, daj thiab liab phosphors [21-23], tab sis nws yog ib qho. Qhov teeb meem yog tias qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws tsawg tsawg thiab nws tsis yooj yim los ntsib cov ntawv siv. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm phosphors haum rau high-efficiency excitation ntawm violet lub teeb, broad-band emission, thiab tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm phosphors ntawm ntau yam xim tau ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam, thiab tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb quab yuam rau Tuam Tshoj mus cuag cov cuab yeej cuab tam nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Vim li no, nyob rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam, peb yuav txhim kho cov kev txhim kho thiab cov qauv ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov cim luv luv hauv peb lub hlis, thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, xws li cov tshiab UV / NUV chips, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kaj huv ntawm lub cev. Lub sijhawm.
2.2 Cov ntaub ntawv luminescent excitation ceev zog
Cov teeb pom kev zoo coj los ua cov teeb pom kev lag luam, thiab nws yuav tsum yog tias xyoo 2020, tsuas yog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub semiconductor yuav tsim ib lub lag luam trillion loj [24]. Muab piv rau cov khoom siv thib ib thiab ob lub cim, cov cim thib peb ntawm semiconductor muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev sib tawg siab, kev txwv tsis pub muaj kab, kev kub thermal conductivity, siab electronion saturation, hluav taws xob ua hauj, thiab kev luminous efficiency thiab siab. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ntau lub tswv yim tsim hluav taws xob xws li cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los txhawb thiab txhawb rau cov tiam tom ntej ntawm kev lag luam. Qhov cim thib peb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv semiconductor siv hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub xeev cov teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub teeb xim zoo ntawm lub cuab yeej, tiam sis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub cim hluav taws xob cov cim hluav taws xob yog qhov nce ntawm qhov ceev thiab lub wavelength ntawm lub teeb ci ntawm lub nti mus rau high-lub zog luv luv-nthwv kev coj [25]. Nyob rau hauv view ntawm lub fact tias luminescent khoom ncaj qha txiav txim siab lub teeb lub zog thiab zoo ntawm lub teeb qhov chaw, excitation cov yam ntxwv thiab ruaj khov ntawm lub uas twb muaj lawm series ntawm phosphors xws li lub classic aluminate tsis tau raws li high-energy zog excitation cai ntawm lub thib peb -ceneration semiconductor, yog li nws yog ceev kom txhaum los ntawm peb lub cim ntawm semiconductor. Lub zog uas siv high-density uas ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua kom muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab muaj hom tshiab fluorescent khoom thiab kev siv tshuab.
Vim yog qhov phenomenon ntawm "ntau heev tsis muaj txiaj ntsig" ntawm LEDs, uas yog, thaum kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm siab tam sim no, cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kheej quantum efficiency yuav poob siab. Nyob rau tam sim no, cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tab tom nrhiav ib tiam tshiab ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo, qhov muag khoom ntawm xiav teeb-emitting diodes, Nakamura Shuji, Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, LED technology yuav nws thiaj li hloov los ntawm laser diodes vim yog lub cev txwv ntawm nws txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo. Piv nrog LED teeb pom kev zoo, laser teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua. Lub laser semiconductor yog xav kom muaj lub siab tshaj plaws high-end teeb pom kev zoo thiab muaj lub teeb ci zoo rau LED tom qab LED. Nws yuav yog ib txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau yav tom ntej teeb pom kev zoo thiab kev lag luam. Fluorescence-converted laser display technology tau muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem loj xws li laser TV, laser projection, thiab laser xinesmas [26-27]. Zoo ib yam li LED illumination, fluorescent conversion khoom tseem yog cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav cov teeb zis dawb hauv laser illumination. Lasers muaj zog ntau dua, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum muaj ntau dua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov khoom siv kom tiv thaiv lub teeb piam sij [28]. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntiaj teb tshiab tsis tshua muaj fluorescent cov ntaub ntawv nrog kev ruaj ntseg siab thiab kev hloov siab thiab cov kev siv technology yuav yog ib qho nyuaj rau laser illumination nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, uas yuav ua rau lub lag luam industrialization rau cov khoom tshiab lub ntiaj teb fluorescent cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv cov ceramics thiab muaju.
3 tshwj xeeb teeb ci luminescent cov ntaub ntawv
3.1 Cov ntaub ntawv Luminescent rau cov teeb pom kev zoo
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, nrog rau kev tsim cov optoelectronic technology, LED luminous efficiency tau zoo heev tuaj, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm LED nyob rau hauv cov factories muaj tau lug txhawj xeeb los ntawm lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb. LED muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov me me, lub neej ntev, kub kub, thiab lwm yam ntxiv Tsis tas li ntawd, nws qhov kev sib txawv tshwj xeeb zoo, kev hloov dav dav, thiab lwm yam., Yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm zoo tshaj rau cov khoom tsim hluav taws xob [29]. Cov lag luam prospects rau daim ntawv thov LED nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo zoo heev, thiab kev lag luam me me yuav tsum loj hlob sai heev. Nyob rau hauv 2017, lub lag luam teeb pom kev zoo (qhov system) yog kwv yees li 690 lab Teb Chaws Asmeskas las, suav nrog 193 lab LED teeb. Nws tau kwv yees hais tias los ntawm xyoo 2020, qhov kev lag luam cog qoob loo (system) yuav nce mus rau 1.424 billion USD, thiab LED teeb yuav loj hlob rau 356 lab Tebchaws Asmeskas las. Tam sim no, hom LED illumination yog thawj xiav LED nti los sis ultraviolet LED nti + phosphor. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, phosphors rau cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev paub txog cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo.
Lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus loj uas tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob yog lub teeb, tab sis lub teeb ntawm lub teeb los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis yog tag nrho-band tab sis xim, thaum lub spectrum absorption ntawm lub teeb los ntawm txawv ntsuab nroj tsuag yog yeej tib yam [30], chlorophyll yog cov feem ntau lub teeb yoj. Muaj ob qho chaw xoos hnyav. Ib qho yog xim dub thiab violet nrog ib lub nkoj ntawm 400-500 nm. Qhov nqus ntawm xim txiv kab ntxwv thiab daj yog tsawg dua, thiab kev nqhis ntawm lub teeb ntsuab yog qhov tsawg, yog li kev daws ntawm chlorophyll yog ntsuab thiab lwm yam yog nyob rau ntawm wavelength. Rau lub liab liab ntawm 640-660 nm, liab lub teeb yog siv rau qhov synthesis ntawm cov nroj tsuag carbohydrates thiab accelerates qhov kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Vim li no, cov nroj tsuag ua kom pom lub teeb taws tuaj yeem feem ntau tau los ntawm 400-500 nm xiav lub teeb thiab 640-660 nm ultra liab teeb thiab qee lub teeb dawb LEDs.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv rau qhov saum toj ob hom teeb uas nroj tsuag yuav tsum nqus, nroj tsuag kuj muaj cov tshuab fotoreceptor (photoreceptors). Photoreceptor tseem ceeb hauv cov nroj tsuag yog lub phytochrome uas absorbs liab los yog lub teeb liab liab. Nws yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj siab liab thiab liab liab thiab koom rau hauv tag nrho kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm germination kom loj hlob. Phytochrome nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag muaj nyob rau hauv ob lub xeev ruaj khov: liab lub teeb liab (PR, lmax = 660 nm) thiab liab lub teeb liab (PR, lMAX = 730 nm), uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ib leeg, yog li ua tiav cov cog teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum tau muaj lub teeb liab liab ntawm 730 nm [31]. Xiav hmoov yog txaus siab ntawm UV / ze UV nti, feem ntau raws li aluminate, silicate, phosphate thiab nitride, thiab EU2 + yog luminescent ion [32-33]. Feem ntau ntawm cov dej tob tob liab tau txais los ntawm EU, MN los yog CE kua los yog co-doped nrog MN2 + [34-35]. Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm phosphors hauv no ob pawg tau ntev, thiab qhov kev siv tshuab tam sim no kuj paub tab thiab ua tau suab tau siv rau cov teeb pom kev zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov xim liab-phosphors rau cov nroj tsuag phytochrome, thiab lawv cov luminous efficiency tseem nyob theem qis, uas yog ib qho nyuaj rau xyaum siv. Yog li, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov cuab yeej sib txuas ntawm sab nrauv uas muaj peev xwm sib txig sib txig ntawm cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo, daws nws cov tswv yim tseem ceeb, thiab cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm lub teeb rau xiav, liab thiab liab-liab phosphors siv nyob rau hauv illumination, ntawm cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo rau hnub no. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm bio-kev ua liaj / teb.
3.2 Cov khoom siv rau cov khoom siv rau qhov chaw nyob ze lub teeb ci
Nyob ze ze ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab yog hais txog electromagnetic tsis nrog lub wavelength nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 780-2526 nm. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, daim ntawv thov ntawm infrared detectors hauv daim teb ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag, iris paub, kev ruaj ntseg xyuas, laser radar, kev kuaj kom pom, 3D sensing, etc. tau sai tsim thiab tau ua International tshawb fawb tsom [36-38]. Nws tau kwv yees tias tus txheeb ze ntawm sab hauv infrared yuav ncav cuag 25 lab nyiaj hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas nyiaj hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam hauv xyoo 2020, ntawm qhov tsuas yog tag nrho cov nqi tawm ntawm IRIS qhov kev paub technology yuav nce mus txog 3,5 billion US dollars. Cov khoom ntes tawg yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiab IoT systems, thiab muaj ib qho kev xav tau ceev xwmphem nyob ze (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog 780-1600nm) uas siv cov qhab-nees loj los sis kev sib txuas lus tshwj xeeb. Tam sim no, tus patent ntawm infrared chip yog mastered by lub teb chaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nti nrog lub piam sij ntev tshaj 1000nm yog tsawg ua hauj lwm, muaj nqi tsawg thiab monopolised los ntawm txawv teb chaws patents thiab yees. Nws yog ib qho mob ceev heev los tsim kom muaj lub siab ua kom muaj zog-tawv ntiv nplhaib kom ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov mus rau cov khoom siv phosphor-converted. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2016, OSRAM tau qhib thawj lub xiav-ci teeb ntu ze ntawm sab-infrared phosphor nyob ze-infrared LED rau kev ntsuas roj, protein, noo noo lossis qab qab zib hauv cov zaub mov. Qhov kev siv ntawm xiav nti thiab cov pob ze ze ntawm sab qoob loo phosphor muaj qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev npaj ua yooj yim, raug nqi tsawg, cov kev ua haujlwm siab zoo, thiab cov zoo li, thiab tau dav thoob ntiaj teb. Vim li no, nws yog ib qho mob ceev heev los tsim ib yam tshiab ntawm qhov ze ntawm sab-infrared phosphor rau txhua tus qhab ntawm ze-infrared LEDs kom paub nws cov ntawv thov ntau hom ntawv.
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm lub teeb nyob ze-infrared, ze-infrared ntev-nthwv dej yog 1100-2526 nm, thiab ze ze-infrared ntev-nthwv phosphor tsuas yog siv Er3 + thiab Ni2 + ua qhov chaw pom kev. Tam sim no, muaj ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav rau hauv daim ntawv [39]. Cov phosphors ntawm ntau lub wavelengths ntawm ze-infrared ntev-nthwv dej tau tshawb xyuas, thiab lub zog hloov tau raug lees paub los ntawm kev qhia txog sensitized ions, thiab, thiab cov luminous efficiency tau zoo heev zoo [40].
Qhov ze-infrared short-wave yog 780 ~ 1100nm, thiab ze ze-infrared short-wave phosphor yog tsim los ntawm Cr3 +, Yb3 +, thiab Nd3 + [41-42]. Tam sim no, txoj kev lag luam tau txais ib yam khoom siv nplua nuj nyob hauv thaj chaw ze ntawm infrared luminescent cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis qhov teeb meem feem ntau yog tias cov kev ua haujlwm zoo heev, thiab qee qhov muaj qhov tsis ruaj ntseg, thiab tseem tuaj yeem tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau ua lag luam. Yog li ntawd, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib yam tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv nyob ze ze ntawm infrared luminescent, rhuav los ntawm violet-xiav lub teeb-emitting hluav taws xob fluorescent hmoov thiab nws lub ntsiab kev siv tshuab, thiab tas li txhim kho nws cov teeb ci, thiab maj mam hloov cov ntiv tes ze ze.
4 Xaus
Hauv kev xaus, lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov qauv siv tshuab raws li high-efficiency thiab low-cost xiav LED nti tau zoo lawm. Ntawm lawv, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov roj ntsha thiab phomphors uas haum rau xiav-lub teeb meem kuj zoo tuaj, tiam sis muaj kev sib tw kom loj dua thiab muaj lub hwjchim ci ntsa iab thiab kev siv lub tshuab fais fab, thiab kev siv cov phosphors tshiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv los yog ib qho Crystal yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj. Nyob rau hauv cov lus teb, txawm hais tias QLED, OLED thiab excitation display technologies yog tsim kev sai, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab phosphors yuav tsum them nyiaj yug rau cov kwv tij tsis muaj xim gamut ntawm kua siv lead ua kua. Cov kua siv ua kua teeb pom kev siv tshuab raws li ntawm cov xiav LED chips tseem tshua loj heev. kev loj hlob. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv, raws li cov xiav LEDs, nws yuav tsum tau txais high-efficiency qhov ze ntawm sab-infrared thiab txawm ultraviolet tsis-pom qhov chaw. Kev siv phosphor cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cov cheeb tsam saum toj no yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov tub ntxhais patent kov yeej thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom siv fais fab loj.
